The 450 Bushmaster is a straight-walled, large-bore rifle cartridge designed for use in AR-15 platform rifles. It was designed by Tim LeGendre of LeGendre Ammunition, and later improved in partnership with Bushmaster Firearms International. Its primary purpose is to comply with hunting regulations in states that restrict hunting deer with bottlenecked cartridges.
Design and Purpose: The 450 Bushmaster was specifically engineered to provide significant stopping power at medium ranges, making it ideal for hunting large game like deer and hogs in areas with restrictive hunting regulations. Its straight-walled design ensures it meets legal requirements in states like Michigan, Ohio, and Indiana, which have specific regulations regarding cartridge types for hunting.
Ballistics: The cartridge typically uses a .452-inch diameter bullet, often ranging in weight from 250 to 300 grains. Muzzle velocities generally fall in the range of 2200-2300 fps with common loads. This results in substantial energy delivery downrange, making it effective for ethical kills on larger animals. Trajectory is a significant factor, as it has a relatively curved flight path compared to flatter-shooting cartridges, necessitating careful range estimation.
Rifles and Platforms: The 450 Bushmaster is most commonly chambered in AR-15 style rifles, although bolt-action rifles chambered in this caliber are also available. When used in an AR-15, it typically requires a dedicated upper receiver and magazine due to its larger size compared to standard AR-15 cartridges like .223/5.56mm.
Accuracy: While not typically considered a long-range precision cartridge, the 450 Bushmaster is capable of acceptable accuracy at moderate distances. Most shooters can achieve groupings of 2-3 inches at 100 yards with a well-tuned rifle and quality ammunition.
Recoil: Due to its large bullet diameter and moderate velocity, the 450 Bushmaster generates significant recoil. Shooters should be prepared for this, especially when using lighter AR-15 platforms. A good recoil pad and proper shooting technique can mitigate the effects of recoil.
Popularity and Availability: The 450 Bushmaster has gained popularity among hunters in states with straight-walled cartridge restrictions. Ammunition is readily available from major manufacturers, and various rifle options exist to cater to different budgets and preferences.
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